Interaction Between Major Environmental Systems

Interaction Between study(ip) environmental SystemsExplain how the major environmental arrangements ( breeze, hydrosphere, pedosphere and biosphere) interact and are unifiedIn this assignment I will discuss and let off how our four major environmental placements the atmosphere, hydrosphere, pedosphere and biosphere interact and are interrelated. I will explain each one individu on the wholey therefore go onto detailing how they tie beam with one some other with examples of photosynthesis, respiration and precipitation with the help of conceptual diagrams, c both on the carpet notes and my own personal knowledge.Our satellite is made up of four staple fibre spheres or in addition known as the four great realms of universe (Strahler and Strahler, 1994, pp. 7-7). Each serves a purpose and is interrelated with one-another and requires each other to pattern the flavor- troll we live in. Figure 1 below shows a basic figure of how our four main environmental systems intera ctFigure 1 synergistic regalees (Lal, Kimble, and Follett, 1997, 4.)Our atmosphere consists of many elements and plays an important part in making our planet inhabitable and sustainable for life. It comprises of around 78% nitrogen, 21% atomic number 8, 1% atomic number 18 and a small trace of gases such as carbon dioxide ( estate system pp). There are similarly several layers which smoke be break down up which are the Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere and the Ionosphere (White, 1984, pp. 71 -71). The atmosphere today has been derived from the Earth itself by chemical and biochemical reactions (White, 1984, pp. 68 68) and in addition plays a vital constituent in creating our Earths weather systems.The hydrosphere is the Earths politic steering wheel it apprehends our rivers, lakes, oceans, streams, glaciers and ground peeing and is linked into our water cycle. Its our most dominate environmental system and covers around 70% of the earths surface which it contrives of features for plants and animals to inhabit. It also contains 1.4 billion cubic kilometres of water and water is essential to life and necessitate for the survival of organisms (Strahler Strahler, 1999, pp. 7 7).The biosphere can be referred as the part of our environmental system where life exists. The term biosphere is used to describe either this facing of life, or these organisms together with the surface environments in which they interact (White, 1984, pp. 128 128). It consists of abiotic (non-living) and biotic (living) components and it extends from our deepest oceans all the way to around 10km above sea level (earth system pp) and incorporates all different kinds of organisms and species.The Pedosphere is the Earths outer layer which contrive of filths and soil melodyations. It can also be linked in with the Lithosphere and has its own determined category. It provides a solid foundation for sustainability for plants and other organisms to live. The major factors i nfluencing soil and soil development are parent material, climate, vegetation and sequence (Strahler Strahler, 1999, pp. 240 240). There are both main classes of soils which are primary and lower-ranking which vary in terms of substance.Photosynthesis is the process by which higher(prenominal) plants, algae, and true species of bacterial transform and store solar energy in the form of energy-rich organic molecules (Eaton-Rye, Tripathy, Sharkey, 2011, pp 1-1) and is a direct interaction among the atmosphere and biosphere. The process occurs from when the sun releases energy rays into our atmosphere which are get outed by the biosphere at heart plants via their leaves, they then use this energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen, boodle and starch which is used as a fare source by plants. Plants contain chloroplasts which makes the scenario of photosynthesis possible. They then release oxygen back into our atmosphere which gentlemans gentleman intake and rele ase back carbon dioxide to complete the cycle. This interaction between the atmosphere and biosphere in terms of collaborating and enhancing organisms. Photosynthesis also contributes towards fossil fuels (i.e., coals, oil, and gas) that power the industrial society. The fuels provide energy to fuel factories, homes and also raw materials such as plastics and other materials (Bassham, 2014). Figure 2 below shows the basic process in which photosynthesis occurs and how the cycle worksFigure 2 Diagram showing Photosynthesis (n. d.)In return, respiration occurs from the process of photosynthesis in animals and plant life contributing to the atmosphere where energy is released from glucose and other substances. Respiration, which occurs in mitochondrial and bacterial membranes, utilizes energy present in organic molecules to fuel a wide range of metabolic reactions detailed for cell growth and development (Eaton-Rye, Tripathy, Sharkey, 2011, pp 1-1). There are two types of respiration , the early being aerobic which are common in all higher plants and animals and the process occurs within living cells and oxygen. It is a permanent process that continues throughout the life of plants and animals. The second is anaerobic and is common in microorganisms but actually rare in higher plants and animals. The process occurs in the absence of oxygen and can be toxic to plants and animals (Major Differences, n.d.). Respiration breaks down food molecules which occur inside cells to release energy, this is known as the oxygen cycle which animals and humans consume oxygen discharged by plants through the radical of metabolism. Carbon dioxide is then released by animals and humans in which plants then absorb and the whole cycle begins again starting with photosynthesis which forms part of an interrelated system and sustainability for life. Figure 3 below shows the process of the oxygen cycle with respiration between animals and plants in working orderFigure 3 The type O Cyc le (n.d)Precipitation is a direct interaction between the hydrosphere and the atmosphere. weewee exists in the air in the form of humidity, clouds, fog and precipitation (Introducing bodily geography p 77). Precipitation can form in two ways. In the first, cloud droplets collide and coalesce into larger and larger water droplets that fall as rain. In the second, ice crystals form and grow in a cloud that contains a mixture of both ice crystals and water droplets (Strahler Strahler, 1999, pp. 86 86). There are many forms of precipitation which include rain, frost rain, play false, sleet and hail which form a part of the water cycle. It also plays a part in creating our weather system which can make a motion the environmental systems on our planet. Rain develops when the droplets clouds hold become too healthy to sustain and eventually fall to the ground producing rain. Rain can also start out as being small ice crystals which then turn into snowflakes and as the temperature ge ts warmer with the flakes falling they warm up and disband into rain droplets. These rain drops can benefit organisms in the biosphere such as plants for food and growth. blow is formed by the process of water evaporation turning into ice crystals from within clouds, the process is called sublimation (Sublimation from Snow and Ice, n.d.) and the snow never melts on its way down to the ground. do is the process of where raindrops join and freeze and when the clumps get too heavy for clouds to hold they fall to the ground. Hail can form in all different sizes from tiny pebble shapes to anything up to the size of a cricket ball. Sleet is the simple form of crisp raindrops which melt then refreeze in sleet as it falls to the ground. It begins as either rain or snow which falls through layers of cool air which contains temperatures below freezing. Figure 4 below shows the water cycle with precipitation incorporated into itFigure 4 The water Cycle USGS U.S Dept. of the Interior, U.S geologic SurveyIn conclusion our planet contrives of many different environments which contain contrasting forms of organisms and life. Us as humans have categorised and produced cycles in which all these processes occur. The cycles play a major role in how life is sustained on our planet and each cycle relies and interacts with one another in maintaining the constant flow needed. Having these processes helps us understand how things work and how we can help make a difference to insuring to managing our environment for future generations. news show count ReferencesBassham, J. A. (2014, August 27). Photosynthesis (biology). In Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved from http//www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/458172/photosynthesis(n. d.) Retrieved 6 December 2014, from https//biochemunrated.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/jgjffjf.jpg(n.d.) Retrieved 30 November 2014, from http//www.ecoregionproject.weebly.com/nitrogen-oxygen-and-carbon-cycles.htmlMajor Difference s. (n.d.) Retrieved 6 December 2014, from http//www.majordifferences.com/2013/05/difference-between-aerobic-and.htmlSublimation from Snow and Ice. (n.d). Retrieved 7 December 2014, from http//link.springer.com/referenceworkenentry/10.1007/978-90-481-2642-2_686The Water Cycle. (n.d.). Retrieved 7 December 2014, from http//water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycle.htmlBibliographyDury, G. H. (1981). Introduction to Environmental Systems Tchrs. united Kingdom Heinemann.Eaton-Rye, J., Tripathy, B. C., Sharkey, T. (2011). Photosynthesis Plastid Biology, Energy Conversion and Carbon Assimilation.Gresswell, R. K., Cooper, H. J. (1971). 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